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Introduction
You might have seen some people showing symptoms of excessive aggressiveness, elation, fast or urgent talking, frenetic physical activities, grandiose, unrealistic ideas, hostility, little need for sleep and poor judgment. All these symptoms are nothing but manic episodes of manic-depressive illness. A manic depressive illness is a condition in which a person's mood never remains stable and keeps swinging from depression to excessive excitement. Lithium Carbonate is used for the treatment of patients having this type of mental condition.
Mechanism of Action
Lithium Carbonate is a light alkaline powder which is white in color. It comes in the form of capsules and tablets to be administered orally, under the brand name of Eskalith. The sodium transported in nerve and muscle cells is altered by lithium and affects the intraneuronal metabolism of catecholamines there by showing improvements in conditions of manic-depressive illness.
Dosage & Administration
Dosage of Lithium Carbonate is, generally, based on the serum levels and health condition of the patients. So, only instructions from your doctor should be followed.
Acute Mania
The normal dosage for persons suffering from acute mania is 1,800 mg per day which must be taken in divided doses. This dosage is required to maintain the serum lithium levels of 1.0 and 1.5 mEq/L.
Long-Term Control
Here the dosage varies from 900mg to 1200 mg to produce the produce the required serum lithium levels of 0.6 to1.2 mEq/L. Continuous monitoring of serum lithium levels is advisable in complicated cases and in uncomplicated cases it should be monitored at every two months. Lithium Carbonate comes as Eskalith capsules of mg each and Eskalith tablets of 450 mg each. These can be taken by mouth with water.
Side Effects
Because Lithium Carbonate is used for treatment of manic depressive illness, most of its side effects are associated with neuromuscular and central nervous system. The consumption of Eskalith capsules and tablets may result in symptoms of tremor, muscle hyperirritability, hypertonicity, ataxia, hyperactive deep tendon reflex, extrapyramidal symptoms, cogwheel rigidity, blackout spells and, worsening of organic brain syndromes.
The cardiovascular symptoms of cardiac arrhythmia, hypotension, peripheral circulatory collapse, bradycardia, sinus node dysfunction with severe bradycardia may be possible side effects of Lithium Carbonate.
Gastrointestinal symptoms of anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, gastritis, salivary gland swelling, abdominal pain, excessive salivation, flatulence, indigestion may be possible side effect of this drug.
Drug Interactions
Lithium Carbonate is highly interactive with some chemicals and slightly or mildly with some other. So, consumption of drugs containing such chemicals either may be avoided or may be consumed in lower doses, so that they do not lead to lithium toxicity in the body.
Chemical like diuretics, metronidazole, enalapril and captopril and losartan may lead to lithium toxicity if consumed with Eskalith tablets or capsules. So, the dosage may be adjusted accordingly and a close monitoring of the serum lithium levels should be done.
The combination of lithium with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors may result in symptoms such as diarrhea, confusion, tremor, dizziness, and agitation. So these medicines should be taken with caution being instructed by a physician.
Storage
Store it in a cool dry place away from heat, light and moisture. It can be stored at temperature of 15-30 degree Celsius. But it should be kept away from the reach of the children.
Synonym
Lithotabs¤ Lithonate¤ Lithobid Lithane¤ Eskalith
United States: Cibalith-S¤ Priadel Phasal¤ Lithonate Litarex¤ Liskonum Li-Liquid
United Kingdom: Camcolit Phanate Lit-300 Limed Licarb
Thailand: Licab¤ Quilonorm Priadel Neurolithium Lithiofor Litarex
Switzerland: Hypnorex¤ Lithionit
Sweden: Litarex¤
Spain: Plenur Priadel¤ Lithosun¤
Singapore: Camcolit Quilonum Priadel¤ Lentolith
South Africa: Camcolit
Portugal: Priadel Priadel
New Zealand: Lithicarb Lithionit
Norway: Litarex¤ Priadel Litarex
Netherlands: Camcolit Litheum
Mexico: Carbolit
Malaysia: Priadel
Japan: Limas Manialit¤ Demalit¤
Italy: Carbolithium
Israel: Licarbium Priadel
Ireland: Camcolit
India: Licab
Hungary: Liticarb Lithiofor Lithicarb
Hong Kong: Camcolit Milithin
Greece: Lithiofor Quilonum Li 450 leukominerase
Germany: Hypnorex Teralithe Neurolithium
France: Lithioderm
Finland: Lito
Denmark: Litarex
Czech Republic: Contemnol Psicolit Carboron Carbolit
Chile: Cabalex Lithizine¤ Lithane Duralith
Canada: Carbolith Neurolithium Litiocar Carbolitium Carbolim
Brazil: Acolitium¤ Priadel Neurolithium¤ Maniprex
Belgium: Camcolit Quilonorm
Austria: Neurolepsin Quilonum Priadel¤
Australia: Lithicarb Lithiun Karlit
Argentina: Ceglution
