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Generic Propecia (Finasteride 1 mg)
Finasteride is the name of the active ingredient in the brand name drug Propecia, sold by the pharmaceutical company Merck. Under the name Proscar, finasteride is sold as a treatment for benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), and as a drug that reduces risk of prostate cancer. In higher doses, it is used for the treatment of prostate cancer.
Propecia is marketed as a treatment for male pattern baldness. During the research on Proscar, researchers noted the drug’s side effect of slowing, stopping, or even reversing male pattern baldness on the vertex of the scalp, where the hairline recedes.
Finasteride is a synthetic drug called an antiandrogen. It works by inhibiting an enzyme called type II 5 alpha reductase. That is the enzyme that converts testosterone into a form called dihydrotestosterone (DHT). The drug binds to receptors for 5 alpha reductase, therefore rendering it useless and preventing the conversion of testosterone to DHT. When this happens, dropping levels of DHT result in shrinkage of the prostate gland and prevention of DHT in the scalp from causing hair loss.
While relief from prostate symptoms only takes two weeks or so, changes in male pattern baldness require more time to become apparent. It may take three months for any effect to be noted. If no change has been noticed after six months of therapy, it is likely that finasteride will not work at all in that person. So far, trial and error is the only method that works for determining if finasteride will reverse baldness in any one person.
It is also important to note that the effects on male pattern baldness only last as long as finasteride is taken on a daily basis. Skipping doses or starting and stopping will cause hair loss to rapidly go back to its previous pattern. Treating baldness with finasteride is a long term commitment.
While side effects are only experienced by around 1% of users of finasteride, they can cause patients to stop taking it. A small percentage of men experience lower sex drive and erectile dysfunction. Even rarer is the side effect of gynecomastia (breast enlargement in men). Because finasteride has a relatively short half-life of 6 to 8 hours, any side effects should disappear soon after treatment is stopped.
Finasteride is known to cause birth defects in male fetuses, so it is absolutely critical that the tablets not be ingested or handled by women who may become pregnant or by children. Broken tablets pose a greater risk than whole tablets, because of the greater exposure of the active ingredients to the skin in broken tablets. Finasteride is also known to affect blood supplies, so blood donors should wait for at least a month after stopping finasteride before donating blood in order to cut the risk of a pregnant woman receiving blood with traces of finasteride in it.
In some studies, finasteride has been associated with depression. It causes reductions in one of the modulators for the GABA-A receptor when taken in large doses. Finasteride has also been banned by a number of sports organizations after it was found to be used to mask the detection of steroid abuse. Unfortunately, this has resulted in male athletes taking finasteride for hair loss being banned from competition in some instances.
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